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Aviation Law, 5771-2011

חוק הטיס, תשע"א-2011

Published: 2011-04-13Consolidated Hebrew text as of 2026-08-02 · Last amended 2026-07-28✓ Amendment status checked against the Knesset legislation record on 2026-09-29
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Unofficial English translation — for reference only. It may contain errors or omissions and cannot be relied on as a legal text. Only the Hebrew text published in Reshumot is legally binding.More

This English text was translated from the official Hebrew using a range of translation tools, and it undergoes ongoing checks and updates. It is not a certified translation.

Despite these checks, it may contain errors, omissions, or imprecise renderings of legal terminology and cross-references, and it may not yet reflect the latest amendments. It cannot be relied upon as a legal text.

The Hebrew text as published in Reshumot (ספר החוקים) and on the Knesset website is the sole authoritative and legally binding version. In any discrepancy, the Hebrew text prevails.

This translation is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For use in legal proceedings, request a certified Expert Legal Opinion.

Section B: Training for Flight Crew Member Positions

Flight Crew Member School – Licensing Requirement§
13.

A person shall not operate or manage a flight crew member school or conduct training for flight crew member positions therein, unless they hold a licence therefor granted pursuant to the provisions of this Section, and in accordance with the conditions of the licence, the curriculum approved by the Director as referred to in section 14(a)(1) and the provisions under this Law; in this Section, "training for flight crew member positions" – theoretical instruction or practical training, including by means of a simulation facility, in subjects in which professional knowledge and proficiency are required for the purpose of obtaining a flight crew member licence or a rating therein, or for the purpose of using such a licence or rating.

Licence to Operate a Flight Crew Member School§
14.
(a)The Director shall grant a licence to operate a flight crew member school to an applicant who satisfies the conditions set out in section 45, and also the following conditions:
(1)the applicant has submitted to the Director the school's curriculum, and the Director has approved the curriculum;
(2)the applicant has demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the Director, that they possess the appropriate facilities and equipment required for the purposes of training pursuant to section 15(1), and that they are organised to maintain a quality assurance system as required pursuant to section 15(2);
(3)the applicant has provided the Director with an operations manual as required pursuant to section 15(3).
(b)The Director may authorise a flight crew member school in respect of which a licence to operate has been granted pursuant to subsection (a) to conduct the examinations required under Section A, for the purpose of obtaining a flight crew member licence, provided that conditions prescribed by the Minister for that purpose have been met; such an authorisation shall be deemed an integral part of the licence to operate a flight crew member school.
(c)The Director may prescribe in a licence to operate a flight crew member school conditions and limitations to apply to the licence holder, including –
(1)the types of training that the school is authorised to conduct;
(2)the facilities, including simulation facilities, approved for the purpose of conducting training;
(3)the flight zones or flight routes approved for the purpose of conducting training;
(4)conditions whose purpose is to ensure the standard of training and to maintain flight safety;
(5)conditions regarding the conduct of examinations as referred to in subsection (b).
Obligations of a Holder of a Licence to Operate a Flight Crew Member School§
15.

Without derogating from the Minister's authority under sections 46(a) and 47, the Minister may prescribe obligations to apply to a holder of a licence to operate a flight crew member school, as set out below:

(1)an obligation to hold and make use of, within the framework of activities under the licence, appropriate facilities and equipment required for the purposes of training;
(2)an obligation to maintain a quality assurance system;
(3)an obligation to hold and maintain one or more operations manuals, containing instructions and guidelines regarding the manner of conducting training, work procedures, quality assurance and additional provisions prescribed by the Minister, and also an obligation to update the said operations manual and to distribute it to those concerned and to act in accordance with the updated operations manual as aforesaid; in Regulations under this paragraph the Minister may prescribe types of provisions in the operations manual that require prior approval from the Director.
Obligation to Conduct Training for Flight Crew Member Positions in Accordance with an Approved Training Programme§
16.

The Minister may prescribe provisions regarding training for flight crew member positions not within the framework of a flight crew member school, to be conducted in accordance with a training programme approved by the Director, and may prescribe types of training for flight crew member positions that may only be conducted within the framework of a flight crew member school or within the framework of a training programme approved by the Director; in Regulations under this section the Minister may prescribe the conditions for the approval of a training programme by the Director, including in matters listed in sections 14(a) and 45, the procedures for obtaining such approval, and also obligations, restrictions and conditions to apply to a person who conducts such training, including in matters listed in sections 15 and 46.

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Section C: Commercial Operation of Aircraft

Commercial Operation of an Aircraft – Licensing Requirement§
17.
(a)A person shall not operate an aircraft in commercial operation, unless they hold an air operator licence granted pursuant to the provisions of this Section or they are a flight crew member on behalf of a holder of such a licence.
(b)An aerial operator shall not operate an aircraft in commercial operation except in accordance with the conditions of the licence, the operations specifications forming part of the licence, and the provisions under this Law.
Air Operator Licence§
18.
(a)The Director shall grant an air operator licence, including operations specifications, to an applicant who satisfies the conditions set out in section 45 and also the conditions set out below, if satisfied that the applicant is capable of conducting the requested operation safely:
(1)the applicant is one of the following:
(a)an individual who is a permanent resident of Israel and has no principal place of business outside Israel, or who is an Israeli citizen who has a principal place of business in Israel;
(b)a corporation incorporated in Israel, which has no principal place of business outside Israel and which is controlled by an Israeli citizen or a permanent resident of Israel or a corporation controlled by another person in accordance with the provisions of an international aviation convention to which Israel is a party;
(2)the applicant holds a commercial operating licence pursuant to the Aviation Services Licensing Law;
(3)the applicant has demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the Director, that they possess the aircraft, facilities and equipment including aviation equipment, appropriate and required for the purposes of the requested operation pursuant to section 19(3)(a);
(4)the applicant has provided the Director with an operations manual as required pursuant to section 19(3)(b);
(5)the applicant has obtained approval from a holder of a licence to operate an aerodrome or landing ground to the effect that the aerodrome or landing ground, as the case may be, will serve as a base of operations for the aerial operator in Israel; the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to an applicant to operate an aircraft of a type in respect of which the Director has approved that its operation does not require a base of operations at an aerodrome or landing ground.
(b)The Director shall attach to an air operator licence operations specifications in which the Director shall specify, inter alia, the following:
(1)the types of aircraft that the licence holder is authorised to operate;
(2)the authorisations, conditions and limitations for the operation of the aircraft, including the types of operations authorised and the areas in which the licence holder is authorised to operate.
Regulations Regarding Air Operator Licences and Licence Holders§
19.

Without derogating from the Minister's authority under sections 46(a) and 47, the Minister may prescribe provisions regarding an air operator licence and a holder of such a licence, in the following matters:

(1)the demonstrations and tests that a licence applicant must undergo for the purpose of obtaining the licence;
(2)additional particulars to be prescribed in the operations specifications and the manner of amending the operations specifications;
(3)obligations of the licence holder as set out below:
(a)an obligation to hold and make use of, within the framework of activities under the licence, aircraft, facilities and equipment, including aviation equipment, appropriate and required for the purposes of commercial operation within the framework of the licence;
(b)an obligation to hold and maintain an operations manual and a maintenance manual, containing instructions and guidelines regarding the manner of operating the aircraft, the performance of maintenance operations thereon, the training and qualification of flight crew members and crew members employed by the licence holder and additional provisions prescribed by the Minister, and also an obligation to update the operations manual and to distribute it to those concerned, and to act in accordance with the updated operations manual as aforesaid; in Regulations under this sub-paragraph the Minister may prescribe types of provisions in the operations manual that require prior approval from the Director;
(4)the means of conveying instructions and notices to a licence holder.

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Section D: Performance of Maintenance Operations and Minor Maintenance

Definition of Aircraft – Section D of Chapter II§
20.

In this Section, "aircraft" – including an engine of an aircraft or a propeller thereof.

Maintenance Organisation – Licensing Requirement§
21.

A person shall not operate or manage a maintenance organisation, unless they hold a licence therefor granted pursuant to the provisions of this Section, and in accordance with the conditions of the licence and the provisions under this Law.

Licence to Operate a Maintenance Organisation§
22.
(a)The Director shall grant a licence to operate a maintenance organisation to an applicant who satisfies the conditions set out in section 45, and also all of the following:
(1)the applicant has demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the Director, that they possess the appropriate facilities and equipment required for the performance of maintenance operations pursuant to section 24(4), and that they are organised to maintain a quality assurance and quality control system as required pursuant to section 24(5)(a);
(2)the applicant has provided the Director with an operations manual as required pursuant to section 24(5)(b).
(b)The Director may prescribe in a licence to operate a maintenance organisation conditions and limitations to apply to the licence holder, including –
(1)the types of aircraft or aviation equipment in respect of which the maintenance organisation is authorised to perform maintenance operations;
(2)the types of maintenance operations that the maintenance organisation is authorised to perform;
(3)a restriction of the licence holder to performing maintenance operations only on aircraft registered in their name.
Obligation to Perform Maintenance Operations within a Maintenance Organisation, by a Manufacturer or by Self-Maintenance§
23.
(a)A person shall not perform maintenance operations, unless they are one of the following:
(1)they are a flight crew member authorised under the flight crew member licence in their possession to perform maintenance operations, and performing such operations within a maintenance organisation in respect of which a licence to operate has been granted pursuant to section 22, or they are performing maintenance operations under the supervision of a flight crew member as aforesaid, within such a maintenance organisation, and in accordance with conditions prescribed by the Minister for that purpose;
(2)they are a flight crew member authorised under the flight crew member licence in their possession to perform maintenance operations, and performing such operations on an aircraft intended for general operation and registered in their name in the register of registration or on the aviation equipment of such an aircraft, pursuant to an approval to perform maintenance operations on a self-maintenance basis granted to them by the Director, and in accordance with the conditions of the approval; the Minister may prescribe conditions for the grant of approval under this paragraph by the Director, including in matters listed in sections 22(a) and 45, and also the procedures for obtaining such approval;
(3)they are the manufacturer of the aircraft who holds the type certificate of the aircraft or the manufacturer of the relevant aviation equipment.
(b)An aerial operator shall not receive maintenance services for an aircraft or aviation equipment except from a person authorised to do so pursuant to subsection (a).
Obligations, Restrictions and Conditions Applicable to a Person Authorised to Perform Maintenance Operations§
24.

Without derogating from the Minister's authority under sections 46(a) and 47, the Minister may prescribe obligations, restrictions and conditions to apply to a holder of a licence to operate a maintenance organisation, to a manufacturer of an aircraft or aviation equipment who performs maintenance operations, and to a person who has received approval to perform maintenance operations on a self-maintenance basis pursuant to section 23(a)(2), including –

(1)the method of maintenance, the manner of performing maintenance operations and maintenance processes, including approval of the completion of maintenance operations and the return to service of an aircraft or aviation equipment on which maintenance operations have been performed;
(2)obligations to document maintenance operations and the manner of preserving the documentation;
(3)obligations to report to the Director in relation to their activities;
(4)an obligation to hold and make use of, within the framework of their activities, appropriate facilities and equipment required for the performance of maintenance operations;
(5)obligations to apply to a holder of a licence to operate a maintenance organisation in the following matters:
(a)an obligation to maintain a quality assurance and quality control system;
(b)an obligation to hold and maintain one or more operations manuals, containing instructions and guidelines regarding work procedures, quality assurance and additional provisions prescribed by the Minister, and also an obligation to update the said operations manual and to distribute it to those concerned, and to act in accordance with the updated operations manual as aforesaid; in Regulations under this sub-paragraph the Minister may prescribe types of provisions in the operations manual that require prior approval from the Director.
Regulations Regarding Minor Maintenance§
25.

The Minister may prescribe provisions regarding the performance of minor maintenance on an aircraft, including conditions for the performance of minor maintenance, including eligibility conditions for a person performing such maintenance and obligations to apply to them.

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Section E: Provision of Air Traffic Management Services

ATC Unit – Licensing Requirement§
26.

A person shall not operate or manage a unit providing ATC services, unless they hold a licence therefor granted pursuant to the provisions of this Section, and in accordance with the conditions of the licence and the provisions under this Law.

Licence to operate an ATC unit§
27.
(a)The Director may, having regard to the needs of air traffic, grant a licence to operate an ATC unit to an applicant who satisfies, in addition to the conditions listed in section 45, the conditions set out below, if the Director is satisfied that the applicant is capable of providing ATC services in a manner that ensures the safety, regularity and efficiency of air traffic:
(1)the applicant has demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the Director, that the applicant possesses the appropriate installations and equipment required for the provision of ATC services pursuant to section 29(3)(a), including means of communication;
(2)the applicant has submitted to the Director an operations manual as required pursuant to section 29(3)(b);
(3)the applicant has demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the Director, that coordination procedures have been established between the applicant and other ATC units, bodies authorised to provide meteorological services for the purposes of civil aviation as determined by the Minister, and the Israel Defence Forces; the coordination procedures between the applicant and the Israel Defence Forces shall include, inter alia, provisions concerning the restriction of flight or the prohibition of flight in Israel's flight information region, in accordance with the provisions pursuant to section 82(f);
(4)in relation to a person who applies to provide ATC services to aircraft on international flights – the Director is satisfied that the applicant fulfils the conditions prescribed under the Convention in this regard, except for such conditions in respect of which the Director has notified the International Aviation Organisation, pursuant to section 4(b) of the Civil Aviation Authority Law, that Israel operates in a different manner.
(b)In a licence to operate an ATC unit, the Director may prescribe, inter alia, the following:
(1)the types of ATC services that the licence holder shall provide and the types of flights in respect of which such services shall be provided;
(2)the airspace in respect of which ATC services shall be provided;
(3)operating procedures and operating restrictions by which the holder of a licence to operate an ATC unit shall abide;
(4)authorisation for the holder of a licence to operate an ATC unit to publish, distribute and transmit aeronautical information in accordance with the provisions of section 84(b).
Provision of ATC services on the basis of current information and in accordance with coordination procedures§
28.

The holder of a licence to operate an ATC unit shall provide ATC services on the basis of current aeronautical information published pursuant to section 84, and in accordance with the coordination procedures referred to in section 27(a)(3) and with the air traffic management rules prescribed pursuant to section 72.

Regulations concerning ATC services§
29.

Without derogating from the Minister's authority pursuant to sections 46(a) and 47, the Minister may prescribe provisions concerning ATC services, including in the following matters:

(1)types of ATC services and their purposes;
(2)types of airspaces in respect of which ATC services shall be provided;
(3)obligations of the holder of a licence to operate an ATC unit, as set out below:
(a)an obligation to hold and make use of, within the framework of activities under the licence, the appropriate installations and equipment required for the provision of ATC services, including means of communication;
(b)an obligation to hold and maintain one or more operations manuals, comprising instructions and guidelines concerning work procedures, quality assurance and additional instructions determined by the Minister, as well as an obligation to update the said operations manual and to distribute it to those concerned, and to act in accordance with the updated operations manual as aforesaid; in Regulations made pursuant to this sub-paragraph, the Minister may prescribe types of instructions in the operations manual that require prior approval from the Director;
(c)an obligation to supply to pilots and aerial operators information of a type determined by the Minister.

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