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Non-Ionising Radiation Law, 5766-2006

חוק הקרינה הבלתי מייננת, תשס"ו-2006

Published: 2006-01-01Consolidated Hebrew text as of 2026-05-12 · Last amended 2022-07-04✓ Amendment status checked against the Knesset legislation record on 2026-09-05
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Unofficial English translation — for reference only. It may contain errors or omissions and cannot be relied on as a legal text. Only the Hebrew text published in Reshumot is legally binding.More

This English text was translated from the official Hebrew using a range of translation tools, and it undergoes ongoing checks and updates. It is not a certified translation.

Despite these checks, it may contain errors, omissions, or imprecise renderings of legal terminology and cross-references, and it may not yet reflect the latest amendments. It cannot be relied upon as a legal text.

The Hebrew text as published in Reshumot (ספר החוקים) and on the Knesset website is the sole authoritative and legally binding version. In any discrepancy, the Hebrew text prevails.

This translation is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For use in legal proceedings, request a certified Expert Legal Opinion.

Chapter I: Purposes of the Law

Purposes§

1.

The purpose of this Law is to protect the public and the environment from the effects of exposure to non-ionising radiation, and to regulate the engagement in radiation sources, their establishment and operation, and the provision of radiation measurement services, inter alia by prescribing prohibitions and obligations in accordance with the precautionary principle.

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Chapter II: Definitions

Definitions§

2.

In this Law –

"permit" – an establishment permit, an operation permit or a permit for the provision of a service;

"operation permit" – a permit for the operation of a radiation source, granted pursuant to section 3;

"establishment permit" – a permit for the establishment of a radiation source, granted pursuant to section 3;

"permit for the provision of a service" – a permit for the provision of a radiation measurement service, granted pursuant to section 3;

"commissioner" – a person authorised by the Minister to act as commissioner for the purposes of the provisions of this Law, in whole or in part;

"inspector" – (deleted)

"radiation source" – a device, installation or technological system in the course of whose operation non-ionising radiation is or may be generated, excluding radiation for medical use;

"non-ionising radiation", "radiation" – the emission of electromagnetic waves whose energy level is less than 5 electron volts and which are incapable of causing ionisation;

"radiation measurement service" – a service for the measurement of non-ionising radiation, including the assessment of levels of exposure of persons and the environment to the radiation expected from the radiation source;

"the Minister" – the Minister for Environmental Quality.

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Chapter III: Permits

Permit§

3.
(a)A person shall not establish a radiation source, operate a radiation source or provide a radiation measurement service, unless that person holds an establishment permit, an operation permit or a permit for the provision of a service, as the case may be, granted by a commissioner pursuant to the provisions of this Law and in accordance with its conditions.
(b)Without derogating from the generality of subsection (a), an applicant for an operation permit may carry out a trial operation of a radiation source for a period not exceeding three months prior to obtaining an operation permit, for the purpose of conducting measurements and tests involved in the running-in of the operation of the radiation source, in accordance with the guidelines of a commissioner as referred to in section 7(a)(2), provided that the applicant holds an establishment permit if such is required pursuant to the provisions of this Law.
(c)An establishment permit and an operation permit may be granted in respect of a specific radiation source or in respect of a specific class of radiation sources.

Exemption§

4.

The provisions of section 3 shall not apply to the establishment or operation of a radiation source listed in the Schedule.

Validity of Permits§

5.
(a)The validity of an operation permit and of a permit for the provision of a service shall be for a period of five years; however, the Minister may prescribe a different period of validity in cases or circumstances that the Minister shall prescribe, having regard, inter alia, to the type of radiation source or its location or to the type of radiation measurement service, as the case may be.
(b)The validity of an establishment permit shall be for a period not exceeding three months, and a commissioner may extend its validity for additional periods, provided that the aggregate of the periods shall not exceed nine months; however, the Minister may prescribe a longer period of validity in respect of certain classes of radiation sources.

Conditions for Granting an Establishment Permit§

6.

A commissioner shall not grant an establishment permit unless the commissioner has been satisfied that all of the following conditions are met:

(1)the permit applicant has carried out, through a holder of a permit for the provision of a service and in accordance with written guidelines received from a commissioner, an assessment of the maximum levels of exposure of persons and the environment to the radiation expected from the radiation source when it is operated, including during a malfunction (in this Law – exposure level assessment);
(2)the measures necessary to limit the levels of exposure of persons and the environment to the radiation expected from the radiation source when it is operated have been taken, in accordance with the conditions prescribed pursuant to section 10(1), including appropriate technological measures in use, and the precautionary and safety measures prescribed by the Minister pursuant to the provisions of section 25(a)(3) have been taken.

Conditions for Granting an Operation Permit§

7.
(a)A commissioner shall not grant an operation permit unless the commissioner has been satisfied that all of the following conditions are met:
(1)the condition referred to in section 6(2);
(2)the permit applicant has conducted, through a holder of a permit for the provision of a service and in accordance with written guidelines received from a commissioner, measurements of the levels of exposure of persons and the environment to the radiation generated in the course of the operation of the radiation source, at various distances from the radiation source, and those levels did not exceed the maximum exposure levels prescribed by a commissioner pursuant to section 10(1);
(3)the permit applicant has presented to the commissioner a licence or a type approval pursuant to the Wireless Telegraph Ordinance [New Version], 5732-1972 (in this Law – the Telegraph Ordinance) in respect of a radiation source that requires a licence or type approval as aforesaid, or has presented a provision of law under which the radiation source is exempt from a licence or approval pursuant to the Telegraph Ordinance;
(4)the permit applicant has presented to the commissioner a permit pursuant to the Planning and Building Law, 5725-1965, and if the permit applicant was a licence holder as defined in the Electricity Sector Law, 5756-1996 – including an authorisation pursuant to section 145(f)(1) of that Law (in this Law – building permit).
(b)The provisions of subsection (a)(4) shall not apply where a building permit is not required, provided that the conditions in paragraphs (1) and (2), or the conditions in paragraph (3), as the case may be, are met:
(1)the permit applicant has submitted to the local committee within whose area the radiation source is located, and where there is no such local committee – to the district committee within whose area the radiation source is located (in this subsection – the committee), a declaration setting out the reasons why a building permit is not required for the radiation source;
(2)the engineer of the local committee or the district planner, as the case may be, has not expressed an objection to the granting of the operation permit within 21 days of the date of submission of the declaration to the committee, and the permit applicant has attached to the said declaration an additional declaration stating that the said period has elapsed and no objection has been received from the engineer of the local committee or the district planner; an objection by the engineer of the local committee or the district planner to the granting of an operation permit may be on the ground that the radiation source requires a building permit and on that ground alone, and the objector shall notify the permit applicant of the reasons for the objection;
(3)a licence holder as defined in the Electricity Sector Law, 5756-1996, has presented to a commissioner a declaration stating that, to the best of that person's knowledge, the radiation source was lawfully established before the date of publication of this Law.
(c)A commissioner may make the granting of an operation permit conditional also upon the conduct of an exposure level assessment.

Conditions for Granting a Service Permit§

8.

A commissioner shall not grant a permit for the provision of a service unless the commissioner has been satisfied that all of the following conditions are met:

(1)the permit applicant has professional training as prescribed by the Minister, and the Minister may prescribe for this purpose an obligation to pass professional examinations on subjects and in accordance with procedures that the Minister shall prescribe;
(2)the permit applicant has equipment and appropriate means for the provision of a radiation measurement service, as prescribed by the Minister.

Conditioning of Licences or Permits under Other Legislation§

9.
(a)A building permit shall not be granted for a radiation source whose establishment requires an establishment permit under this Law, unless an establishment permit has first been obtained.
(b)A licence or a temporary permit for a business requiring licensing under the Business Licensing Law, 5728-1968, that is subject to a permit under this Law, shall not be granted unless a permit under this Law has first been obtained.

Conditions in a Permit§

10.

A commissioner may make the granting of a permit conditional upon conditions to be fulfilled prior to the granting of the permit, and may prescribe conditions in the permit and add to or reduce them at any time, in order to ensure the fulfilment of the purposes of this Law, including conditions concerning –

(1)the maximum permissible levels of exposure of persons to radiation from a radiation source, and the measures necessary to limit the levels of exposure;
(2)restriction of access to a radiation source;
(3)the posting of warning signs adjacent to or on a radiation source;
(4)the conduct of measurements of radiation generated in the course of the operation of a radiation source;
(5)the removal of a radiation source that is not in use;
(6)the provision of information to a person commissioning a radiation measurement service;
(7)the employment of professional and skilled personnel;
(8)the equipment and means necessary for the provision of a radiation measurement service;
(9)the proper maintenance of a radiation source or of the equipment and means intended for the provision of a radiation measurement service, as the case may be, and the conduct of inspections to ensure their proper functioning;
(10)registration and reporting obligations, including –
(a)a description and specification of the technical data of the radiation source that is the subject of the permit;
(b)a specification of radiation measurements conducted and their results;
(c)a specification of inspections conducted to ensure the proper functioning of a radiation source or of equipment and means intended for the provision of a radiation measurement service, as the case may be, and the measures taken for their proper maintenance.

Revocation or Suspension of a Permit§

11.
(a)A commissioner may, at any time, revoke a permit or suspend it, after having given the permit holder an opportunity to be heard, if the commissioner has found that any of the following has occurred:
(1)the permit was granted on the basis of false or misleading information;
(2)the permit holder has breached a provision of the provisions under this Law, or a condition of the conditions of the permit;
(3)the operation of the radiation source endangers or is liable to endanger the public or to cause serious harm to the environment.
(b)Where the defect on account of which revocation or suspension of the permit was required pursuant to subsection (a) is capable of being remedied, a commissioner shall not revoke the permit or suspend it unless the commissioner has sent the permit holder a notice specifying what requires remedying, and the permit holder has not remedied the defect in the manner and within the period specified in the notice.
(c)Where a permit has been revoked upon the occurrence of a condition as referred to in subsection (a)(1) or (2), the Minister may, after the permit holder has been given an opportunity to be heard, prohibit the granting of further permits to that permit holder for a period to be determined by the Minister.

Registration and Reporting§

12.
(a)A permit holder shall maintain a full and detailed register in respect of the radiation source or the radiation measurement service for which the permit was granted, in accordance with the conditions prescribed by a commissioner in the permit pursuant to section 10(10), and shall report thereon to the commissioner once a year, no later than 31 December, or at such other date as the commissioner shall direct.
(b)A permit holder shall allow a commissioner to inspect the records maintained by the permit holder as referred to in subsection (a) during normal working hours, and shall provide the commissioner, upon request, with a copy of such records.

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Chapter IV: Supervision

13.§

(Repealed — תשע״א)

Powers of a Commissioner§

14.
(a)For the purpose of supervising the implementation of the provisions under this Law, a commissioner may, at any reasonable time, enter any place where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that a radiation source whose establishment or operation requires a permit under this Law is located, or a radiation source in respect of which a direction has been given pursuant to subsection (c), or that a business for the provision of a radiation measurement service is being conducted, provided that the commissioner shall not enter –
(1)a place used for residential purposes, except pursuant to a court order;
(2)a place held by the defence establishment, unless the commissioner holds an entry authorisation for such a place from the competent Minister or from a person authorised by the competent Minister for this purpose, and provided that no operational or hostile activity is taking place at that place at the time of the commissioner's entry; for the purposes of this paragraph –

"defence establishment" – any of the following:

(a)the Ministry of Defence and units attached to the Ministry of Defence;
(b)the Israel Defence Forces;
(c)the General Security Service and the Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations;
(d)the nuclear research centres under the responsibility of the Atomic Energy Commission and the Biological Institute;
(e)suppliers and plants that develop or manufacture products for a body listed in sub-paragraphs (a) to (d), of which the Minister of Defence has notified the commissioner;
(f)the Israel Police and the Israel Prison Service;

"competent Minister", in respect of the bodies listed in the definition of "defence establishment" – in sub-paragraphs (a), (b) and (e) – the Minister of Defence, in sub-paragraphs (c) and (d) – the Prime Minister, and in sub-paragraph (f) – the Minister of Public Security.

(b)Without derogating from the provisions of subsection (a), where a commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that the operation of a radiation source is being carried out in a manner liable to endanger the public or to cause harm to the environment, the commissioner may, at any reasonable time, enter the place where the radiation source is located and inspect it, or conduct measurements of the radiation generated in the course of its operation, provided that the commissioner shall not enter a place as referred to in subsection (a) except in accordance with the provisions of that subsection.
(c)Where a commissioner has found that a radiation source is being operated in a manner liable to endanger the public or to cause harm to the environment, the commissioner may direct, in writing, the owner of the radiation source or the operator of the radiation source to take measures, within such period as the commissioner shall direct, for the safe operation of the radiation source.
(d)(Repealed)

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Chapter V: Removal Order

Order for Removal of a Radiation Source§

15.
(a)Where a commissioner has found that the establishment or operation of a radiation source was carried out without a permit or in contravention of the conditions thereof or in contravention of guidelines or directions given by a commissioner pursuant to the provisions of sections 7(a)(2) and 14(c), and before an indictment has been filed, the commissioner may order the person who established the radiation source, the operator thereof, the owner of the radiation source or the owner of the property in which the radiation source is located:
(1)to cease the establishment or operation, as the case may be, or to remove the radiation source to a place, in the manner and within a period commencing on the date of delivery of the order, all as shall be specified in the order; in this paragraph, "removal" – includes neutralisation or dismantling;
(2)to restore, to the extent possible and in accordance with the circumstances, the situation to its former state.
(b)Where a person has not complied with the provisions of an order issued pursuant to subsection (a), a commissioner or a public employee authorised by the commissioner for this purpose may carry out what is required pursuant to the order; having done so, the person who was ordered but did not comply with the provisions of the order shall be liable to pay double the costs incurred to the Clean Environment Fund established pursuant to section 10 of the Keep Israel Tidy Law, 5744-1984 (in this Law – the Clean Environment Fund); the collection of such costs shall be governed by the Tax Ordinance (Collection).
(c)A commissioner or a person authorised by the commissioner for the purpose of carrying out an order as referred to in subsection (b) may enter any place for the purpose of carrying out the order, provided that the commissioner shall not enter a place as referred to in section 14(a) except in accordance with the provisions of that section.

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LawWelfare & Social SecurityEnvironment

חוק הקרינה הבלתי מייננת, תשס"ו-2006

Non-Ionising Radiation Law

Non-Ionizing Radiation Law

NIR Law

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5766-2006