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Companies Law, 5759-1999

חוק החברות, תשנ"ט-1999

Published: 1999-05-27Consolidated Hebrew text as of 2026-03-17 · Last amended 2024-09-15✓ Amendment status checked against the Knesset legislation record on 2026-09-28
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Unofficial English translation — for reference only. It may contain errors or omissions and cannot be relied on as a legal text. Only the Hebrew text published in Reshumot is legally binding.More

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Despite these checks, it may contain errors, omissions, or imprecise renderings of legal terminology and cross-references, and it may not yet reflect the latest amendments. It cannot be relied upon as a legal text.

The Hebrew text as published in Reshumot (ספר החוקים) and on the Knesset website is the sole authoritative and legally binding version. In any discrepancy, the Hebrew text prevails.

This translation is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For use in legal proceedings, request a certified Expert Legal Opinion.

First Schedule (section 19(2a))

Proportion of Independent Directors§

1.

In a public company and in a private company that is a bond company, the proportion of independent directors shall be as set out below, as the case may be:

(1)in a company in which there is no controlling shareholder or a person holding a controlling interest (in this section — controlling shareholder) — the majority of the members of the board of directors shall be independent directors;
(2)in a company in which there is a controlling shareholder — at least one third of the members of the board of directors shall be independent directors.

Diversity of Composition of the Board of Directors§

2.

In the appointment of a director in a public company and in a private company that is a bond company, the composition of the board of directors shall be diversified having regard to the gender of the candidate, in addition to the obligation to diversify it having regard to the knowledge and experience of the candidate, in accordance with the special needs of the company.

Restriction on Service of an Office Holder as Director§

3.

In a public company and in a private company that is a bond company, persons who are subordinate to the general manager, directly or indirectly, shall not serve as directors, except for a director who is an employees' representative, if an employees' representation exists in the company; a director in a corporation controlled by a public company or a private company that is a bond company may serve as a director in that company.

Training of Directors and Appointment of a Person Responsible for Embedding Corporate Governance Provisions§

4.
(a)A public company and a private company that is a bond company shall ensure the preparation of training programmes for new directors, in the field of the company's business and in the field of the law applicable to the company and to directors, and shall also ensure the preparation of continuing programmes for serving directors, with the aim of updating their knowledge in the said fields; training programmes shall be adapted, inter alia, to the role that the director performs in the company.
(b)The chairperson of the board of directors or another person appointed by the board of directors shall act to embed the corporate governance provisions applicable to the company and to update the directors on matters connected with corporate governance.

Board of Directors Meetings Without the Presence of the General Manager and Those Subordinate to Him§

5.

The board of directors of a public company and the board of directors of a private company that is a bond company shall hold, at least once a year, a discussion on the management of the company's business by the general manager and the office holders subordinate to him, without their presence, after they have been given an opportunity to express their position.

Audit Committee Meetings in the Presence of the Internal Auditor and the Auditing Accountant§

6.

The audit committee shall hold, at least once a year, a meeting on the subject of deficiencies in the business management of the company, in the presence of the internal auditor and the auditing accountant, and without the presence of office holders in the company who are not members of the committee, after they have been given the opportunity to express their position.

Appointment of external director§

7.

Notwithstanding the provisions of section 239(b), external directors in a public company shall be appointed at the general meeting by a majority of votes, provided that all of the following conditions are met:

(1)In the count of all votes of shareholders at the general meeting, the votes of shareholders who are controlling shareholders of the company or who have a personal interest in the approval of the appointment shall not be taken into account, except for a personal interest that does not arise from a connection with the controlling shareholder, and abstentions shall likewise not be taken into account;
(2)The total votes in favour among shareholders who are not controlling shareholders of the company or who do not have a personal interest in the approval of the appointment, except for a personal interest that does not arise from a connection with the controlling shareholder, exceeded two per cent of all voting rights in the company.
(3)The external director to be appointed is not, at the time of appointment, a connected or competing shareholder or a relative of such a shareholder, and does not have an affiliation with a connected or competing shareholder at the time of appointment or in the two years preceding the time of appointment; for this purpose —

"connected or competing shareholder" means the shareholder who proposed the appointment or a substantial shareholder, in each case if, at the time of appointment, that shareholder, a controlling shareholder thereof, or a company controlled by either of them has business connections with the company, or if that shareholder, a controlling shareholder thereof, or a company controlled by either of them is a competitor of the company; the Minister, in consultation with the Securities Authority, may prescribe that certain matters, subject to conditions prescribed by the Minister, shall not constitute a business connection with the company or competition therewith;

"affiliation" has the meaning assigned to it in section 240(b), and the Minister may, in consultation with the Securities Authority, prescribe that certain matters, subject to conditions prescribed by the Minister, shall not constitute an affiliation.

8.§

(Repealed)

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First Schedule A (section 267b)

(1)The education, qualifications, expertise, professional experience and achievements of the office holder;
(2)The role of the office holder, the office holder's areas of responsibility and prior remuneration agreements concluded with the office holder;
(3)The ratio between the cost of the terms of office and employment of the office holder and the cost of the wages of the other employees of the company and of contractor employees employed by the company, and in particular the ratio to the average wage and the median wage of such employees and the effect of the disparities between them on labour relations in the company; for this purpose —

"contractor employees employed by the company" means employees of a manpower contractor in respect of whom the company is the actual employer, and employees of a service contractor employed in providing a service at the company; for this purpose, "manpower contractor", "service contractor" and "actual employer" have the meanings assigned to them in the Employment of Employees by Manpower Contractors Law, 5756-1996;

"wage cost" means any payment in respect of employment, including employer contributions, payments in respect of retirement, a vehicle and the costs of its use, and any other benefit or payment;

(4)Where the terms of office and employment include variable components — the possibility of reducing the variable components at the discretion of the board of directors and the possibility of setting a ceiling on the exercise value of variable equity components that are not settled in cash;
(5)Where the terms of office and employment include retirement grants — the period of office or employment of the office holder, the terms of the office holder's office and employment during that period, the company's performance during that period, the contribution of the office holder to achieving the company's objectives and to maximising its profits, and the circumstances of the retirement.
(1)With respect to variable components in the terms of office and employment —
(a)grounding the components on performance from a long-term perspective and on measurable criteria; however, a company may determine that a non-material portion of such components, or all of such components where their aggregate amount does not exceed three monthly salaries per year, shall be granted on the basis of non-measurable criteria taking into account the contribution of the office holder to the company; this sub-item shall not apply to an office holder who is subordinate to the general manager;
(b)the ratio between the variable components and the fixed components, as well as a ceiling on the value of variable components at the time of their payment; however, with respect to variable equity components that are not settled in cash — a ceiling on their value at the time of their grant;
(2)A provision pursuant to which the office holder shall return to the company, under conditions to be set out in the remuneration policy, amounts paid to the office holder as part of the terms of office and employment, if such amounts were paid on the basis of data that proved to be erroneous and were restated in the company's financial statements;
(3)A minimum holding or vesting period for variable equity components in the terms of office and employment, with reference to appropriate incentives from a long-term perspective;
(4)A ceiling on retirement grants.

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Second Schedule (section 345a)

A purpose whose subject matter is one of the following:

(1)Environmental quality, environmental protection, or awareness of nature and the environment;
(2)Health or saving of lives;
(3)Religion, heritage or commemoration;
(4)Protection of animals and care for their welfare;
(5)Human rights;
(6)Education, vocational training, culture or art;
(7)Science, research or higher education;
(8)Sport;
(9)Immigration, absorption or settlement;
(10)Charity or relief;
(11)Community welfare or community, social or national activity;
(12)The rule of law, governance or public administration;
(13)Establishment of funds or organisations for the encouragement of or support for a body acting for one or more of the purposes listed in this Schedule.

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Third Schedule (section 345an)

Definitions§

1.

In this Schedule —

"tradeable bond" means a bond traded on a stock exchange;

"rating" means a debt rating in Israel determined by a rating company as defined in the Regulation of Credit Rating Companies Activities Law, 5774-2014;

"investment method" includes the investment period;

"investment adviser" and "portfolio manager" have the meanings assigned to them in the Regulation of Investment Advisory and Portfolio Management Law, 5755-1995;

"foreign currency" has the meaning assigned to it in the Bank of Israel Law, 5770-2010;

"issuer" means a corporation that has issued securities, excluding the State of Israel;

"mutual funds" means joint investment funds in trust as defined in the Joint Investment Trust Law, 5754-1994.

Investment methods§

2.
(a)The surplus funds of a foundation shall be invested in one or more of the following:
(1)Bonds issued by the State or in respect of the repayment of which it is a guarantor;
(2)Bank deposits in new shekels that are index-linked and interest-bearing, or interest-bearing only;
(3)Bank savings plans in new shekels that are index-linked and interest-bearing;
(4)Bank deposits denominated in foreign currency or linked to foreign currency;
(5)Bank savings plans linked to foreign currency;
(6)Tradeable bonds that are non-convertible, if the investment is rated at least A- or A-2;
(7)Mutual funds all of whose assets are invested in one or more of the methods listed in paragraphs (1), (2), (4) or (6).
(b)A foundation shall not invest in securities of a single issuer at a rate exceeding 20% of the monetary value of the surplus funds (hereinafter — the monetary value); if the monetary value exceeds the amounts set out below, the foundation shall determine that the investment in a single corporation, in deposits, in a savings plan and also in securities issued by that corporation, shall not exceed the rates set out alongside them:
(1)One million new shekels — 50% of the monetary value;
(2)Ten million new shekels — 25% of the monetary value.
(c)Where an investment committee has been appointed for a foundation pursuant to the provisions of this Schedule, the surplus funds of the foundation shall be invested through and at the choice of the investment committee; in addition to the investment methods prescribed in subsection (a), the investment committee may choose to invest the surplus funds subject to the restrictions on investment methods of an investment committee pursuant to section 27 of the Trust Law, with the necessary modifications; the investment committee of a foundation shall not invest in a corporation in which a director, shareholder, controlling shareholder or major donor of the foundation is a controlling shareholder or interested party, nor in a manner that would cause the foundation to become a controlling shareholder or interested party in a particular corporation, and for this purpose the foundation and the director, shareholder or controlling shareholder of the foundation or the major donor, as the case may be, shall be deemed to hold jointly.
(d)The Registrar of Endowments may approve in advance, for a foundation that has so requested, the investment of surplus funds by a method other than the methods referred to in subsections (b) and (c); the application shall be submitted in writing and shall set out all of the following:
(1)The name of the foundation, its address, the date of its establishment, the date of its recognition as a foundation for public benefit, and its purposes;
(2)Details of its shareholders and the directors currently serving therein;
(3)The total assets of the foundation and its anticipated income in future years;
(4)The foundation's liabilities and its current and anticipated expenditure for future years;
(5)The reasons justifying investment of the funds by the requested method;
(6)Any additional information required for a determination on the application.
(e)The investment method for the surplus funds of a foundation shall be chosen having regard, inter alia, to the purposes of the foundation and the fund distribution policy it has determined in accordance with the provisions of the Law, taking into account changes that will occur from time to time, and subject to the company's articles of association.

Obligation to appoint an investment committee§

3.

The board of directors of a foundation that has surplus funds in an amount exceeding NIS 30 million, or of a foundation whose articles of association so provide, shall appoint an investment committee (hereinafter — the investment committee).

Composition of the investment committee and eligibility of its members§

4.
(a)The composition of the investment committee and the eligibility of its members shall be in accordance with the provisions prescribed in that regard pursuant to section 27 of the Trust Law, with the necessary modifications and with the following modifications:
(1)A person who has, or whose relative, partner, employer or a corporation in which that person is a controlling shareholder has, an affiliation with a shareholder or director of the foundation, other than an affiliation with an independent director of the foundation, shall not serve as a member of the investment committee, in each case at the time of appointment, during the term of office, or in the two years preceding the time of appointment; for this purpose, "affiliation" means control, a benefit, employment relations, family ties, or business or professional connections in general;
(2)Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1), an independent director may be a member of the investment committee, provided that the provisions of that paragraph are satisfied with respect to a majority of the members of the investment committee.
(b)In this section, "independent director" has the meaning assigned to it in section 345ap.

Duties and rights of members of the investment committee§

5.

A member of the investment committee owes the foundation a duty of care and a duty of loyalty as referred to in sections 252 and 254, and is entitled, for the purpose of performing the member's function, to receive information and to engage advisers as referred to in sections 265 and 266, as if the member were an office holder of the company, with the necessary modifications.

Procedures for the work of the investment committee§

6.

The investment committee shall convene at least once per quarter, unless the board of directors has approved convening at a different frequency of not less than twice a year; the committee shall determine its working procedures with the approval of the foundation's board of directors, and shall transmit to the board of directors the minutes of its deliberations and also, once a year, a report on its activities; decisions of the investment committee shall be adopted by a majority of the votes of the members present.

Reimbursement of expenses or remuneration§

7.

A foundation that has acted for the purpose of investing surplus funds through or with the assistance of another, including a portfolio manager, investment adviser or investment committee, shall not pay management fees, expenses or remuneration out of the company's assets at a rate exceeding 0.5 per cent per year of the total surplus funds available for investment in that year.

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